PROJECT: BROKING AND CHARTERING PRACTICE

2(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).Tanker cargoes/trades and cargo gear/equipment Prepare a table showing in column one each of the following categories of tankers, in column two types of cargoes carried by each type of tanker and in column three the special properties of each type of cargo, column four and any special gear of equipment on the tankership (marine maritime building navigation shipping shipper construction fund dunding banking, maritime, industry, market, virtual shipping) to handle such cargo and in column five any general remarks you can make about the trade:

fixups that need to be applied to the segment(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If the segment calls a given DLL function 20 times, the loader must copy the function's address into that segment 20 times(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The downside to the PE method is that you can't initialize a variable with the true address of a DLL function(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). For example, you'd think that something like: FARPROC pfnGetMessage = GetMessage;

Chapter 3: Windows Anatomy would put the address of GetMessage into the variable pfnGetMessage(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In Win16, this works, but in Win32 it doesn't(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In Win32, the variable pfnGetMessage ends up holding the address of the JMP DWORD PTR [XXXXXXXX] thunk in the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).text section that I mentioned earlier(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If we wanted to call through the function pointer, things would work as we'd expect(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If we want to read the bytes at the beginning of GetMessage(), however, we're out of luck (unless we do additional work to follow the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).idata "pointer" ourselves)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). After Visual C++ 2(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).0 was released; it introduced a new twist to calling imported functions(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If we look in the system header files from Visual C++ 2(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).0 (for example, WINBASE(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).H), we'll see a difference from the Visual C++ 1(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).0 headers(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In Visual C++ 2(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).0, the operating system function prototypes in the system DLLs include a __declspec(dllimport) as part of their definition(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The __declspec(dllimport) turns out to have quite a useful effect when calling imported functions(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). When we call an imported function prototyped with __ declspec(dllimport), the compiler doesn't generate a call to a JMP DWORD PTR [XXXXXXXX] instruction elsewhere in the module(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Instead, the compiler generates the function call as CALL DWORD PTR [XXXXXXXX](shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data section Just as (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).text is the default section for code, the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data section is where your initialized data goes(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Initialized data consists of global and static variables that are initialized at compile time(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). It also includes string literals (for example, the string "Hello World" in a C/C++ program)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The linker combines all the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data sections from the OBJ and LIB files into one (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data section in the EXE(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Local variables are located on a thread's stack and take no room in the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data or (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss sections(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The DATA section Borland C++ uses the name DATA for its default data section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). This is equivalent to the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data section for Microsoft's compiler (see the previous section, "The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).data section")(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss section

Chapter 3: Windows Anatomy The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss section is where any uninitialized static and global variables are stored(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The linker combines all the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss sections in the OBJ and LIB files into one (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss section in the EXE(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In the section table, the RawDataOffset field for the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss section is set to 0, indicating that this section doesn't take up any space in the file(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). TLINK32 doesn't emit a (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).bss section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Instead, it extends the virtual size of the DATA section to account for uninitialized data(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).CRT section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).CRT section is another initialized data section used by the Microsoft C/C++ runtime libraries (hence the name (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).CRT)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The data in this section is used for things such as calling the constructors of static C++ classes before main or WinMain is invoked(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rsrc section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rsrc section contains the resources for the module(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In the early days of NT, the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).RES file output of the 16-bit RC(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).EXE wasn't in a format that the Microsoft linker could understand(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The CVTRES program converted these (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).RES files into a COFF format OBJ, placing the resource data into a (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rsrc section within the OBJ(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The linker could then treat the resource OBJ as just another OBJ to link in, which meant the linker didn't have to "know" anything special about resources(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). More recent linkers from Microsoft appear to be able to process the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).RES files directly(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).idata section contains information about functions (and data) that the module imports from other DLLs(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). This section is equivalent to an NE file's module reference table(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). A key difference is that each function that a PE file imports is specifically listed in this section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). To find the equivalent information in an NE file, you'd have to go digging through the relocations at the end of the raw data for each of the segments(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).edata section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).edata section is a list of the functions and data that the PE file exports for use by other modules(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Its NE file equivalent is the combination of the entry table, the resident names table, and the nonresident names table(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Unlike in Winl6, there's seldom

Chapter 3: Windows Anatomy a reason to export anything from an EXE file, so you usually see only (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).edata sections in DLLs(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The exception to this is EXEs produced by Borland C++, which always appear to export a function (__GetExceptDLLinfo) for internal use by the runtime library(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). When using Microsoft tools, the data in the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).edata section comes to the PE file via the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).EXP file(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Put another way, the linker doesn't generate this information on its own(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Instead, it relies on the library manager (LIB32) to scan the OBJ files and create the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).EXP file that the linker adds to its list of modules to link(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Yes, that's right! Those pesky (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).EXP files are really just OBJ files with a different extension(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).reloc section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).reloc section holds a table of base relocations(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). A base relocation is an adjustment to an instruction or initialized variable value; an EXE or a DLL needs this adjustment if the loader couldn't load the file at the address where the linker assumed it would be(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If the loader can load the image at the linker's preferred base address, the loader ignores the relocation information in this section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If you want to take a chance and hope that the loader can always load the image at the assumed base address, you can use the/FIXED option to tell the linker to strip this information(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Although this might save space in the executable file, it might also cause the executable to not work on other Win32 platforms(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). For example, let's say you built an EXE for NT and based the EXE at 0x10000(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If you told the linker to strip the relocations, the EXE wouldn't run under Windows 95, where the address 0x10000 isn't available (the minimum load address in Windows 95 is 0x400000; that is, 4MB)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). It's important to note that the JMP and CALL instructions generated by a compiler use offsets relative to the instructions, rather than actual offsets in the 32-bit fiat segment(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If the image needs to be loaded somewhere other than the location the linker assumed was a base address, these instructions don't need to change, since they use relative addressing(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). As a result, there are not as many relocations as you might think(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Relocations are usually needed only for instructions that use a 32-bit offset to some data(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). For example, let's say you had the following global variable declarations:

Vessel’s condition on redelivery: The vessel shall be redelivered on the expiry of the charter party in the same good order and condition as when delivered to the charterers, fair wear and tear expected(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).

As for the performance of warranties, -The owners warrant that at the date of delivery under charter parties that the vessel shall be of the description set out in part I (depends to what is agreed every time)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The owners undertake that throughout the period of service under this Charter Party they will exercise due dilligence to maintain or restore the vessel as aforesaid whenever the passage of time, wear and tear or any other event requires steps to be taken to maintain the vessel as described or to restore the vessel to such condition(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). (line 36) -Also owners warrant that the vessel’s average speed loaded and in ballast and the vessel’s bunker consumption will be as stated in Charter party (Box 7) (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). (line 45) -Owners warrant that at the date of this Charter Party the vessel is in possession of appropriate Certificates or Letters of compliance issued by the various regulatory bodies named in Box 28, certifying the vessel’s compliance with the relevant requirements of such bodies(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). (line 381) -The owners further warrant that the vessel shall continue to comply with the requirements of the various regulatory bodies throughout the period of this charter party so far as it is practically possible(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).

Chapter 3: Windows Anatomy TlsSetValue, and TlsGetValue functions(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In most cases, it's much easier to declare your data in your program with __declspec (thread) than it is to allocate memory on a per- thread basis and store a pointer to the memory in a TlsAlloc()'ed slot(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). There's one unfortunate note that must be added about the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).tls section and __declspec(thread) variables(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In NT and Windows 95, this thread local storage mechanism won't work in a DLL if the DLL is loaded dynamically by LoadLibrary()(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In an EXE or an implicitly loaded DLL, everything works fine(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). If you can't implicitly link to the DLL, but need per-thread data, you'll have to fall back to using TlsAlloc() and TlsGetValue() with dynamically allocated memory(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). It's important to note that the actual per-thread memory blocks aren't stored in the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).tls section at runtime(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). That is, when switching threads, the memory manager doesn't change the physical memory page that's mapped to the module's (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).tls section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Instead, the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).tls section is merely the data used to initialize the actual per-thread data blocks(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The initialization of per-thread data areas is a cooperative effort between the operating system and the compiler runtime libraries(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). This requires additional data - -the TLS directory - - that's stored in the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rdata section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rdata section The (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rdata section is used for at least four things(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). First, in EXEs produced by Microsoft Link, the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rdata section holds the debug directory (there is no debug directory in OBJ files)(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). In TLINK32 EXEs, the debug directory is in a section named (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).debug(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The debug directory is an array of IMAGE_DEBUG_DIRECTORY structures(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). These structures hold information about the type, size, and location of the various types of debug information stored in the file(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Three main types of debug information can appear: CodeView, COFF, and FPO(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). The debug directory isn't necessarily found at the beginning of the (shipyard construction yard shipping maritime).rdata section(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). Instead, to find the start of the debug directory, you have to use the RVA found in the seventh entry (IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG) of the data directory(shipyard construction yard shipping maritime). (The